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Livelihood Status of Fishing Community of Talma River in the Northern Part of Bangladesh
Md. Ataur Rahman,
Md. Nurunnabi Mondal,
Kazi Ahsan Habib,
Jannatun Shahin,
Md. Golam Rabbane
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
337-344
Received:
2 August 2015
Accepted:
11 August 2015
Published:
19 August 2015
Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the socio-economic profiles of the fishermen of river Talma in Panchagarh district in the Northern part of Bangladesh. Pertinent information was collected from fifty randomly selected fishermen from the study area during the period of eight months from March to October, 2014. In the study area the fishermen age range from 20 to 66 years. It was found that most of the fishermen (58%) illiterate though a small proportion completed primary level of education. Among them Muslims were 86% and Hindus 14%. About 68% of the fishermen had tin shed with bamboo house, while 26% and 6% of them had tin shed with tin and straw house, respectively. Annual income of the fishermen ranged from 35001-55000 BDT and they had large family size (member above 7) constituted 36%. Forty eight percent of the fishermen used their own tube-well, while 40% and 12% used government and neighbors’ tube-well, respectively. About 80% of the fishermen used kacha toilets and 16% semi pakka toilets and 6% of the fishermen had no sanitary facilities. In the study area, 86% of the fishermen were far from power plants and the rest of them had (14%) access to electricity. Majority (46%) of the fishermen was landless, while 38% had 1-20 decimal lands and 16% had above 20 decimal lands and significant proportion of fishermen depend upon village doctors (64%) for their health facilities. Seventy six percent of fishermen were engaged in fishing as their main occupation, 16% in agriculture and 8% in daily labor. The study revealed that the fishermen of Talma River were mostly illiterate, poor income, lack of training exposure and lack of awareness about their health facilities and sanitation. So, provide soft term loan and building people awareness have been suggested to improve the livelihood status of fishermen in Talma River
Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the socio-economic profiles of the fishermen of river Talma in Panchagarh district in the Northern part of Bangladesh. Pertinent information was collected from fifty randomly selected fishermen from the study area during the period of eight months from March to October, 2014. In the study area the fishermen ag...
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The United Equation of Animal Growth
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
345-351
Received:
9 August 2015
Accepted:
13 August 2015
Published:
21 August 2015
Abstract: The equation that can describe all known types of animal growth is proposed. The equation contains two basic coefficients, one of which determines the initial rate of growth; the other determines the change of the growth rate. In separate cases two correction coefficients should be taken into account, one of which is connected with morphogenetic processes and the other is connected with spontaneous decrease of the body weight. Biorhythms that accompany growth process can be described by the equation as well. Linear recursive form of the equation allows to use regression analysis and, therefore, comparative intrapopulation, interpopulation and interspecies analysis of growth. Examples of approximation by the equation of own and literature experimental data are shown. Values of the coefficients of the equation for different types of growth in different stages of ontogenesis of the various animal systematic groups are calculated. The equation is suitable to describe change of any biological parameter which is associated with body weight by allometric (power) dependence
Abstract: The equation that can describe all known types of animal growth is proposed. The equation contains two basic coefficients, one of which determines the initial rate of growth; the other determines the change of the growth rate. In separate cases two correction coefficients should be taken into account, one of which is connected with morphogenetic pr...
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Profile of Dermatophyte and Non Dermatophyte Fungi in Patients Suspected of Dermatophytosis
Gebreabiezgi Teklebirhan,
Adane Bitew
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
352-357
Received:
1 August 2015
Accepted:
12 August 2015
Published:
21 August 2015
Abstract: Fungal infections of hair, nail and skin are common worldwide and continue to increase. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis, isolation rates and the profile of fungi associated with dermatophytosis. Samples were collected from 305 patients and a portion of each sample was examined microscopically and the remaining portion was cultured on to plates of Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar containing chloramphinical with and without cychloheximide. Fungal cultures were identified by studying macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of their colonies. Of 305 clinical samples, fungi were detected in 265 (86.9%) samples by KOH and 224 (73.4%) clinical samples were culture positive. Dermatophytes were the most common isolates accounting 130 (58.0%) of the total isolates and this was followed by non- dermatophyte molds and yeasts that accounted 49 (21.9 %.) and 45 (20.0%) respectively. T. violaceum was the dominant species accounting for 49 (37.7%) dermatophyte isolates. Candida albicans was the dominant species accounting 30 (66.7%) of the total yeast isolates. The genus Aspergillus was the most common non-dermatophyte molds consisting of 13 (26.5%) species. Tinea unguium was the predominant clinical manifestation accounting 51.1% of the cases of which 119 (76.3%) were from females and 37 (23.7%) from males. T. violaceum was the most common pathogen in tinea unguium and tinea capitis, whereas T. mentagrophytes was the most common pathogen in tinea pedis and tinea manum. Seventy five percent of yeasts and 77.6% non dermatophyte molds were isolated from nails. Along with dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte fungi are also emerging as important causes of dermatophytosis. Both direct microscopy and culture are important tools for diagnosis of the fungal infections.
Abstract: Fungal infections of hair, nail and skin are common worldwide and continue to increase. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis, isolation rates and the profile of fungi associated with dermatophytosis. Samples were collected from 305 patients and a portion of each sample was examined microscopically and the ...
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Phytochemical Extraction and Screening of Bio Active Compounds from Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Seeds Extract
Abdurohaman Mengesha Yessuf
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
358-364
Received:
29 July 2015
Accepted:
12 August 2015
Published:
24 August 2015
Abstract: This study is interested to now a day's attracting attention of the researchers; which is natural products and their derivatives because of they are becoming sources to important drugs and the pharmaceutical industries have come to consider traditional medicine as a source of bioactive agents that can be used in the preparation of synthetic medicines and helpful also as nutritional values which are very interesting in their eco-friendness and free of the toxicity. Base on this, the current investigation is directed to the detection of the bioactive Black cumin which is one of the miraculous plant having multifarious roles in its phytochemical constituents and nutritional values, treating digestive tract conditions including gas, colic, diarrhea, dysentery, constipation, and hemorrhoids. Sopowdered Nigella sativa seed was used for crude oil extracts by using different solvents. In this manner, the results of investigation of qualitative phytochemical analysis conducted on the crude cumin seeds extract revealed the presence of bioactive compounds in the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts which are known to exhibit medicinal as well as physiological activities. Identification and separations were taken by TLC and CC. Finally four potentially active phytochemicals have been obtained from methanol extracts; are alkaloids, phenol, flavonoids and steroids. Thus we can scientifically conclude that the cumin seeds extract could be seen as an increasingly valuable reservoir of bioactive compounds of substantial medicinal merit
Abstract: This study is interested to now a day's attracting attention of the researchers; which is natural products and their derivatives because of they are becoming sources to important drugs and the pharmaceutical industries have come to consider traditional medicine as a source of bioactive agents that can be used in the preparation of synthetic medicin...
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In Vitro Antimicrobial Efficacy of Fractions from Onion (Allium Cepa) Leaves Extract from Wukro, Ethiopia
Teklit Gebregiorgis Amabye
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
365-368
Received:
30 July 2015
Accepted:
6 August 2015
Published:
2 September 2015
Abstract: To examine the in vitro anti bacterial activities of the ethanol extract of fresh leaves of Alliumcepa (onion) and to determine and quantify the phenol compounds of the investigated plantparts. This study was drifting out at the Mekelle university department chemistry and Adigrat pharmaceutical industry, fromMarch2015toApril 2015. Clinical strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and ethanol extracts of the plant species was used for the antimicrobial study. Thirty grams of the sample was ground, filtrated, and each filtrate mixed with 100 ml ethanol and placed in a shaker for 48 hours. Theethanol was evaporated from the sample, weighed, and subjected to an antibacterial activity test using the agar diffusion method. The high- performance liquid chromatography was used to identify and quantify the phenols extracts of investigated samples. Ethanol extract of the investigated plant parts showed antibacterial activities against different pathogenicbacteria. Leaf extracts of Alliumcepashowed the highest antibacterial activity and contains more phenols. Theethanol extract of the tested plants could be considered as analternative source of new antibacterialdrugs.
Abstract: To examine the in vitro anti bacterial activities of the ethanol extract of fresh leaves of Alliumcepa (onion) and to determine and quantify the phenol compounds of the investigated plantparts. This study was drifting out at the Mekelle university department chemistry and Adigrat pharmaceutical industry, fromMarch2015toApril 2015. Clinical strains ...
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Antibiogram Typing of Biofield Treated Multidrug Resistant Strains of Staphylococcus Species
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Mayank Gangwar,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
369-374
Received:
14 September 2015
Accepted:
25 September 2015
Published:
13 October 2015
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health issue in the developing countries. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical lab isolates (LSs) of Staphylococcus species viz. Staphylococcus haemolyticus (LS 18), Staphylococcus epidermidis (LS 21), and Staphylococcus aureus (LS 30). Each strain was divided into the two groups i.e. control and treated. The control and treated groups were analyzed for the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical analysis and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The analysis was done on day 10 after biofield treatment and compared with the control group. The sensitivity of erythromycin was improved from resistant to susceptible, while levofloxacin sensitivity was also improved from intermediate to susceptible in LS 21 isolate. The MIC results showed a decrease in the concentrations of ceftriaxone, erythromycin, imipenem, and levofloxacin antimicrobials in LS 21 as compared to the control. Linezolid and vancomycin also showed decrease in MIC as compared to the control in LS 30. Overall, 20.69% antimicrobials showed decrease in MIC value out of the tested twenty-nine after biofield treatment in Staphylococcus species. The biochemical study showed a 25% alteration in biochemical reactions as compared to the control. A significant change was reported in biotype numbers for all the three strains of MDR Staphylococcus species after biofield treatment as compared to the respective control group. On the basis of changed biotype number (306366) after biofield treatment in LS 18, the new organism was identified as Staphylococcus simulans with respect to the control species i.e. Staphylococcus haemolyticus (302302). The control group of S. epidermidis and S. aureus showed biotype number as 303064 and 757153 respectively. After biofield treatment, LS 21 and LS 30 isolates showed altered biotype number as 307064 and 317153 respectively. Overall, results conclude that biofield treatment could be used as complementary and alternative treatment strategy against multidrug resistant strains of Staphylococcus species with improved sensitivity and reduced MIC values of antimicrobial.
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health issue in the developing countries. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical lab isolates (LSs) of Staphylococcus species viz. Staphylococcus haemolyticus (LS 18), Staphylococcus epidermidis (LS 21), and Staphylococcu...
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Forest Dynamics in the North of the Classified Forest of Haut-Sassandra During the Period of Armed Conflicts in Ivory Coast
Akoua Tamia Madeleine Kouakou,
Yao Sadaiou Sabas Barima,
Apollinaire Kouassi Kouakou,
N’guessan François Kouamé,
Jan Bogaert,
Justin Yatty Kouadio
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2015
Pages:
375-382
Received:
22 September 2015
Accepted:
7 October 2015
Published:
22 October 2015
Abstract: Ivory Coast (or Côte d'Ivoire) has experienced a succession of political and military crises from 2002 to 2011. This has resulted in a general degradation of the environment. In rural areas, the natural formations such classified forest of Haut-Sassandra (CFHS) in the West Central, underwent severe human pressure. This study, which took place in the northern part of the CFHS, aimed to determine the spatial and temporal evolution of the forest and its floristic composition during this time of conflicts. Two satellite images dated from 2001 and 2013 were the subject of a supervised classification from the maximum likelihood algorithm. Floristic surveys were used to determine the current state floristic diversity of CFHS compared to the situation prior to the conflicts. The results show that forest areas, representing 94 % of the area in 2001, increased to 34 % in 2013, representing an annual rate of 5 % of deforestation. About 13 % of species recorded before the conflict had disappeared in 2013. However, with 239 inventoried northern of CFHS remains a refuge area of the Ivorian plant diversity.
Abstract: Ivory Coast (or Côte d'Ivoire) has experienced a succession of political and military crises from 2002 to 2011. This has resulted in a general degradation of the environment. In rural areas, the natural formations such classified forest of Haut-Sassandra (CFHS) in the West Central, underwent severe human pressure. This study, which took place in th...
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